Terapia farmacológica de la COVID 19. Una revisión.

Abstract

Introduction: At the end of 2019 in Wuhan, China, the origin of a new infectious disease with high zoonotic capacity called COVID-19, whose etiology lies in the SARS-CoV-2 virus, was reported. This disease has spread worldwide, increasing the number of infections and deaths exponentially. This has led to the absence of specific drugs for its treatment; however, to date, its therapeutic management is based on the repositioning of clinically approved drugs. Objective: Analyze the effectiveness of the pharmacological therapy used in the management of COVID-19, substantially analyzing the published evidence and its risk-benefit balance. Methodology: Narrative bibliographic review, whose information has been obtained from scientific databases with restriction of articles published in the last 2 years. Results and discussion: A total of 80 scientific articles were reviewed, of which a selection of 46 was made, which met the proposed inclusion and exclusion criteria. Several classes of drugs such as antivirals, antiparasitics, immunotherapy, antihistamines, antihypertensives, antibiotics, corticosteroids, antiplatelet agents, vitamins, bronchodilators, among others, have proven to be effective in the treatment and drugs with antiviral activity are evaluated. Conclusion: Despite the fact that most studies have shown promising results in relation to several of the pharmacological therapeutics described against COVID-19, there is little scientific evidence to support their effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection.