Probióticos y prebióticos en el manejo y tratamiento de la COVID-19

Abstract

Introduction: The consumption of probiotics and prebiotics helps with the regulation of the immune system by restoring the gastrointestinal balance. Consequently, the body has a better immune response against COVID-19. Objective:  To perform a review of scientific evidence regarding the role of certain probiotic strains, and prebiotic consumption in the management and treatment of COVID-19. Methodology:  A narrative review of case studies, systematic reviews, original articles, and retrospective studies was conducted through the digital databases of PubMed, Science Direct, Springer, Elsevier and Google Scholar, using the keywords "COVID-19", "SARS-CoV-2", "coronavirus", "microbiome", "probiotics" and "prebiotics". Results: Forty-eight articles were selected according to the inclusion criteria defined in the methodology, with information of interest for the study. Discussion: Individuals with an altered microbiota are more prone to COVID-19 infection, therefore, probiotic supplementation improves the ability of the gastrointestinal microbiota to modulate immune activity. It has also been demonstrated that patients who have a diet rich in prebiotics present a lower risk for COVID-19 complications and have a better recovery. Conclusion: The administration of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, mainly, linked to the consumption of prebiotics and a diet rich in fiber, has shown promising results regarding the management of gut dysbiosis induced by SARS-CoV-2, and the regulation of the immune system.