ENFERMEDAD HEMOLÍTICA FETO Y DEL RECIÉN NACIDO POR INCOMPATIBILIDAD RH

Autores/as

  • Blanca Herminia Cruz Basantes 1. Facultad de Salud Pública, Carrera de Medicina, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Panamericana Sur Km 1.5, código postal 060106, Riobamba, Ecuador. 2 ProSalud Medical Center, Jacinto González 1951 y Rey Cacha, Código postal 060101, Riobamba, Ecuador.
  • Lino Arturo Rojas Pérez 1. Facultad de Salud Pública, Carrera de Medicina, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Panamericana Sur Km 1.5, código postal 060106, Riobamba, Ecuador. 2 ProSalud Medical Center, Jacinto González 1951 y Rey Cacha, Código postal 060101, Riobamba, Ecuador.
  • Paulina Robalino Facultad de Salud Pública, Carrera de Medicina, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Panamericana Sur Km 1.5, código postal 060106, Riobamba, Ecuador.
  • Lino Arturo Rojas Cruz ProSalud Medical Center, Jacinto González 1951 y Rey Cacha, Código postal 060101, Riobamba, Ecuador.
  • Augusto Ernesto Rojas Cruz ProSalud Medical Center, Jacinto González 1951 y Rey Cacha, Código postal 060101, Riobamba, Ecuador.
  • Andrés Eduardo Rojas Cruz ProSalud Medical Center, Jacinto González 1951 y Rey Cacha, Código postal 060101, Riobamba, Ecuador.
  • Monica Julieth Espinoza Tello ProSalud Medical Center, Jacinto González 1951 y Rey Cacha, Código postal 060101, Riobamba, Ecuador.
  • Alexander Expósito Lara Facultad de Salud Pública, Carrera de Medicina, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Panamericana Sur Km 1.5, código postal 060106, Riobamba, Ecuador.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47187/cssn.Vol15.IssEd.Esp.303

Palabras clave:

eritroblastosis fetal, isoinmunización Rh, recién nacido

Resumen

Introducción: La enfermedad hemolítica del feto y del recién nacido por incompatibilidad Rh es un trastorno hemolítico que puede causar anemia grave, por la formación de anticuerpos anti Rh D positivo en una gestante Rh negativo; la administración de inmunoglobulina anti D disminuye el riesgo de aloinmunización. Objetivo: determinar el manejo más adecuado en mujeres gestantes Rh negativo para prevenir la aloinmunización materno perinatal. Metodología: la pregunta clínica que se utilizó en base al formato PICO, que facilitó la búsqueda de información es: ¿Cuál es el manejo en las gestantes Rh negativo, para prevención de la aloinmunización materno fetal?, La búsqueda de información científica se realizó en las bases biomédicas DynaMed, UpToDate, PubMed y Web of Science.  Resultados: se encontraron 730 artículos, luego de aplicar los filtros, descartar artículos duplicados y artículos que no están dentro de los criterios de inclusión, se utilizan 33 artículos en esta investigación como fuente de información. Discusión: Si una persona Rh negativa se sensibiliza, formará anticuerpos anti Rh D positivo durante toda su vida y pondrá en riesgo a sus hijos si son del grupo sanguíneo Rh D positivo, por lo tanto, es fundamental ante un evento con riesgo de aloinmunización, se debe administrar inmunoglobulinas anti D para prevención de la aloinmunización. Conclusiones: La aloinmunización es una complicación grave y se puede prevenir con la administración de inmunoglobulinas anti D en lo posible dentro de las primeras 72 horas de un evento sensibilizante.

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Publicado

2024-09-20

Cómo citar

Cruz Basantes , B. H., Rojas Pérez , L. A., Robalino , P., Rojas Cruz , L. A., Rojas Cruz , A. E., Rojas Cruz , A. E., Espinoza Tello , M. J., & Expósito Lara, A. (2024). ENFERMEDAD HEMOLÍTICA FETO Y DEL RECIÉN NACIDO POR INCOMPATIBILIDAD RH. LA CIENCIA AL SERVICIO DE LA SALUD Y NUTRICIÓN, 15(Ed. Esp.), C_83–92. https://doi.org/10.47187/cssn.Vol15.IssEd.Esp.303

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