Características clínicas y métodos diagnósticos del dengue

Abstract

Introduction: Dengue is an acute viral disease transmitted through the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito, manifesting itself with different characteristic signs and symptoms, being more frequent in tropical and subtropical climates, due to its increase in recent years in the world, the medical personnel must be trained to identify the clinical presentation and diagnostic methods. Objective: To describe updated and summarized information to the scientific community to improve current medical practice, with respect to the clinical manifestations and diagnostic methods of dengue. Methodology: It is a narrative review; a bibliographic search was developed with the key words: “clinical characteristics and dengue” and “diagnostic methods and dengue”. The databases used to search the articles included: PubMed, SciELO, SpringerLink, National Center for Biotechnology Information, Dialnet, among others. Results: 59 investigations were identified between original articles, bibliographic reviews, and clinical cases, of which 31 met the criteria to be included in the bibliographic review. Discussion: The clinical picture can be asymptomatic, present with mild symptoms similar to the flu or pictures of serious, life-threatening bleeding; Regarding diagnostic methods, there are effective methods such as: RT-PCR, antibody serology, PCR, non-structural protein antigen, LFT and virus isolation. Conclusion: Dengue is a public health problem that requires attention and updating of information on its clinical and diagnostic aspects, in order to prevent its high morbidity and mortality.