Development of socio-emotional competencies in Basic General Education students from Physical Education. Systematic review

Abstract

Introduction: In recent years, Physical Education has emerged as a key tool to promote emotional education and strengthen socioemotional skills, which has generated an increase in scientific literature on this topic. Objective: To analyze the scientific evidence available on the development of socio-emotional skills from Physical Education (PE) in General Basic Education (EGB) students. Methodology: A systematic review was carried out following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The search included the Dialnet, Scielo, Redalyc, PubMed and Google Scholar databases, using keywords defined through the UNESCO, DeCS and MeSH thesauri, along with Boolean operators ("AND", "OR" and "NOT"). Empirical and theoretical studies that examine the relationship between PE and socio-emotional skills in EGB students (5-14 years), published in the last decade, in Spanish, English or Portuguese, were included. Results: The 21 included studies show that innovative methodologies and tools used in PE promote learning experiences that favor the development of socio-emotional skills. In addition, the results underline the importance of considering age and gender to adequately promote these skills through PE. Discussion: The review shows that Physical Education enhances socio-emotional skills, although more studies are needed on its effective implementation. Conclusion: There is a positive relationship between the development of socio-emotional skills and participation in
Physical Education programs, highlighting PE as an effective means of strengthening these skills.